Swedish Penguin Sculptures by Gunnar Nylund for Rörstrand, 1950s, Set of 3

Danish-Finnish ceramic artist, designer, and sculptor Gunnar Nylund (1904-1997) is one of the most renowned ceramicists of the 20th century. He is best known for his work with Swedish brand Rörstrand, one of the oldest ceramics manufacturers in Europe.

Born in Paris to a Danish mother and a Finnish-Swedish father, Nylund relocated several times before reaching adulthood. He fled the civil war in Finland to Denmark, where he completed his schooling in 1923. He then studied and apprenticed in ceramics in Helsinki before returning once more to Copenhagen to study architecture at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.

While enrolled at the academy, Nylund continued to practice ceramics with his father, who was a sculptor. He also took on extra work at the Bing & Gröndahl (B&G) porcelain factory, which was located next to the Royal Copenhagen factory (they later merged). Nylund's contributions to exhibits at the 1925 Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes expo in Paris led B&G to offer him a permanent position; Nyland dropped his architectural studies for the job. Following a three-year stint at B&G working under the guidance of Jean Gauguin, Nyland left in 1928 to establish the Nylund-Krebs studio with Nathalie Krebs. The duo's pioneering Saxbo range (1929) has become an icon of Scandinavian ceramic design.

The studio rebranded as Saxbo in 1930 to capitalize on the success of the collection successful collection. After two years, Nyland left to become the Artistic Director of Swedish company Rörstrand, a position he held until sometime between 1955 and 1959. During his tenure at Rörstrand, Nyland became known for smooth matte glazes, beautiful muted colors, and modernist shapes; he produced hundreds of designs for decorative objects, vases, pitchers, and tableware services.

Nylund also held the Artistic Director position in Strömbergshyttans glassworks in Sweden from circa 1954 to '67, alongside freelancing for the Nymölle ceramics factory in Denmark and the Glimma glassworks in Glimåkra, Sweden.

In addition to designing tableware and accessories for industrial production, Nylund was also an accomplished sculptor and was commissioned for many public works throughout his career. Many sculptures are housed in Swedish museums, including the National Museum in Stockholm, Röhsska Museum in Gothenburg, Malmö Art Museum, Höganäs Museum (which bought Nylund’s entire stoneware portfolio), Rörstrand Museum in Lidköping. The collections of the Danish Museum of Art & Design, Ateneum Art Museum in Helsinki, Latvian National Museum of Art in Riga, and the National Ceramics Museum of Sèvres in Paris also own Nyland designs.

Rörstrand is the second oldest brand of ceramics in Europe and can be found in homes all across Sweden and Europe. Rörstrand’s long legacy includes some of Europe’s most iconic ceramics collections including Swedish Grace, Mon Amie, Ostindia, Filippa K, Carisma, and Eden were designed by renowned designers including Louise Adelborg, Marianne Westman , Signe Perssin-Melin and Monica Förster.

Founded in 1726 under the direction of the German porcelain expert Johann Wolff, the company borrows its name from the castle in Stockholm where the factory was built. Taking inspiration from China and other foreign countries, the first products were glazed in a bright cobalt blue. Rörstrand was the first to produce faience—a porous tin glazed earthenware. In the beginning, however, the company had difficulty turning a profit as more than 20 million Chinese porcelain objects were imported to Sweden in the 18th century.

Throughout the 1740s, Rörstrand continued to develop their brand identity and style, designing new patterns capturing Swedish life, which helped to establish the brand as a Swedish institution. Such patterns included Nordstjärna and the Rehnska, both of which were designed by King Gustav III’s architect Jean-Erik Rehn.

In the 1770s, French Rococo became the popular trend and offered inspiration for Rörstrand’s first complete dinner service, Sepia. By the 19th century Rörstrand was making English-style earthenware, bone china, porcelain, ironstone china, and majolica.

In 1900, Rörstrand gained international success at the World Exhibition in Paris with Alf Wallander’s tableware and urns designed in the Art Nouveau style. Textile artist and designer Louise Adelborg (1885-1971) joined Rörstrand in 1915. Her first success was Vase (1923) which was adorned by a wheat-ear design. The timesless design was later used at the Stockholm Exhibition in 1930 for Sweden’s national tableware service, which was later became known as the Swedish Grace.

In 1976, Rörstrand celebrated 250 years with an anniversary exhibition and the new service Sylvia. That same year, the Rörstrand Museum opened in Lidköping, which contains a collection of 15,000 objects from Rörstrand's rich history. In 1991, Rörstrand’s Karin Björqvist designed an official table service for banquet held for the 90th anniversary of the Nobel Prize.

In 1990 the company was acquired by the Finnish Hackman Group, and was subsequently purchased by Fiskars Sweden in 2007, who own and operate the company today. 

Over the past 250 years, many talented ceramist and painters worked for Rörstrand including, Hertha Bengtson who created much-loved classics such as Blå Eld and Koka Blå; Marianne Westman, also known as 'the Porcelain mother', who designed bestsellers such as Mon Amie, Picknick and My Garden; and Olle Alberius; Inger Persson; Carl-Harry Stålhane, Gunnar Nylund , and Isaac Grünewald, among others.

* Images courtesy of Rörstrand